Tag Archives: How To

An icon depicting a calendar and clock

How to format SQL Server datetime as dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss

If you are exporting the results of a SQL Server query to excel typically the recipient of the file wants the dates referenced in the format “dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss” or “dd/mm/yyyy” not in the usual database format yyyy-mm-dd.

The below query formats the datetime as desired. Note that the letter m representing month is capitalised. If they are not the engine will interpret the lowercase letter m as minute so you will end up with days, minutes, years.

Also not that the letter h representing the hours is also capitalised. Capitalising the h makes the time output with the 24 hour format. Lowercase h will be 12 hour format. It is highly recommended not to use the lowercase h.

SELECT FORMAT(GETDATE(), 'dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss', 'en-us')

If you only want the date and not time just remove the relevant text, i.e. just date dd/MM/yyyy or datetime without second dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm.

Icon for Raspberry Pi

How to remote into a Raspberry Pi running Raspbian OS from Windows

There are a lot of tutorials out there explaining how to remote into a Raspberry Pi. Unfortunately a lot of them ignore that this functionality comes baked into even the slimmed downed version of Raspbian. Worse still a lot of them just plain do not work! This article demonstrates how to actually remote into Raspian from Windows and you do not need to write a single line of code as everything can be done through the UI. That is of course assuming you are not a masochist and actually installed the UI.

(FYI these instructions are for connecting over the same network)

Virtual Network Computing

You will gain remote access and control of the Pi using technology called VNC. In computing, Virtual Network Computing is a graphical desktop-sharing system that uses the Remote Frame Buffer protocol to remotely control another computer.

To do this you will need to install a VNC viewer software on your Windows 10 PC. Microsoft’s own Remote Desktop Connection software can be a bit temperamental so it is recommended you use the free and very light software “VNC Viewer”. You will not need to install a VNC Server on the Pi as it is already preinstalled.

Setting up the Windows PC

VNC Viewer can be downloaded for free from RealVNC at the following link, or you can search for it in your web browser of choice if you would prefer. Once you have it installed you will need to set up the Pi to receive VNC connections.

Setting up the Pi

To enable the VNC connections follow these steps.

On the Pi go to the Application Menu, the Raspberry Icon to the top left of Home screen.

Preferences > Raspberry Pi Configuration > Interfaces > then enable the VNC option.

Next you will need to enable the VNC Server to display in the Application Menu which you can do by follow these steps.

From Preferences in the Application Menu go:

Preferences > Main Menu Editor > Other > then enable VNC Server.

Then click okay to apply the setting.

Now when you go to the Application Menu (Raspberry Icon on Home screen) you will be able to access the VNC Server application via the category “Other”.

Remoting into the Pi from Windows

After opening the application you should see under “Connectivity” the IP address that can be used for other computers on the same network to connect to the Raspberry Pi. (If an IP address is not displayed make sure your WiFi is on)

Jump over to your Windows 10 PC and open the VNC Viewer app.

Type the IP address displayed by the VNC Server into the Address bar.

When prompted enter the username and password you use to access the Raspberry Pi (possibly pi and raspberry). You should now have remote access to the Pi.

The best part is on reboot the VNC Server should start automatically.

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An icon of a headset with a spanner meaning sound settings

How to adjust your Windows 10 volume settings so virtual meeting participants are at the same volume level

You have probably experienced a virtual meeting or online lecture were you could barely hear a person when they spoke. It might have been down to their audio setup, e.g. they were not using a headset and were relying on their laptop built-in microphone, or they might just be especially quiet when they talk. So in an effort to hear them better you maxed out the volume on your PC only for someone else in the chat to chime in with an excessively loud question or comment. If you were wearing a headset in that situation you might have ended up with burst eardrums. Thankfully there is something you can do on your end to normalize the volume of the meeting.

(FYI it is not recommended you test this for the first time during an important business meeting. Sound card drivers etc. can be a bit unpredictable and can even behave differently depending on what other applications you may have open at the time.)

What is Audio Normalization

Audio normalization is a process that increases the audio level by a constant amount so that it reaches a target or norm. Normalization applies the same level increase for the entire duration of the audio stream.

You are probably thinking at this point that if normalization brings up the volume of the quiet person wouldn’t it also make the loud person louder?

That is not the case. It averages out the loudness by leveling the audio output. So when the louder person interjects they should be at a similar volume to the person speaking quietly.

Normalizing the meeting volume

This is achieved through Windows 10 Sound settings and a feature called “Loudness equalization” and there are two ways to turn this feature on.

The first way is via the search bar at the bottom of your display.

Type “Sound settings”

Click on the option that appears.

When the Sound settings window opens look for “Device Properties” under “Output”, i.e. speakers/headphones etc.

In “Device Properties” click on “Additional device properties” to the right hand side of the window.

Open the “Enhancements” tab.

Make sure “Immediate mode” is ticked then scroll down to “Loudness equalization”.

Once the “Loudness equalization” box has been ticked you should hear that the volume of people speaking quietly has been increased. This means you will be able to lower down the overall system volume and when other people speak you should be able to hear them also without it being deafening.

The other way to get to this feature is the old fashion way via Control Panel.

Control Panel > Hardware and Sound > Sound > Left click on Speakers (or another output device of your choosing) > Properties > Enhancements > Check “Loudness equalization”.

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An icon of a form

How to set up a free WordPress contact form without plugins

Summary

This solution uses Google Forms and a tiny bit of scripting. The end result is a form that will be neatly embedded in your website that will send an email notification, to any email address (or addresses) you desire, when the form has been filled in and submitted. This solution is very versatile and can be applied to numerous use cases, for instance it could be any website not just a WordPress site and it could be any type of form. The JavaScript is very straight forward and can be easily customised to fit different needs.

Prerequisite

You will need a Google (Gmail) Account in order to follow these instructions. This Gmail account will not be visible to the user who submits the form but it is recommended you do not use your personal Gmail account and instead create a new one.

Instructions

Firstly you will need to create a Google Form.

Sign into the Google Account you intend to associate this form to.

Search for Google Forms in your search engine of choice.

Click on the default Contact form and edit as required, i.e. fields, theme etc.

It is recommended for the purposes of these instructions you create a contact form with the fields Name, Email, Website and Comment as these are the fields the script will look for. Once you understand the whole process you can customise the solution to fit your specific needs.

Once done go to the form settings (Gear icon).

The setting “Requires sign in” is set to limit to 1 response by default.

Remove this requirement or a nasty popup will appear on the contact page of your website requiring the sites visitors to log into Google to fill out the contact form.

(Obviously you can leave this restriction in place if that is the behavior you desire.)

At this point you can test the form.

Testing the Form

Go to the Send button and click it and this will bring up the various share options.

In this instance chose the second option, i.e. not the email option but the url (chain icon) option.

Copy the url and paste it into a new browser window, this will show you the form from a users perspective.

Fill in the form with mock data and submit it.

Return to the form editing page and you will see “1 Response” above the form input boxes.

Clicking on this button brings up the responses and response statistics.

At this point your form should be ready to use.

Form Submission Email Notifications

On the form editing page go to the More options (the three vertical dots) and among the options there will be the “Script Editor” option.

Click on it and the Script Editor window will appear.

Go to File > New > Script file and “Enter new file name” as “FormContact”.

Delete all of the text in the text editor window i.e. “function myFunction() {}”

Then copy and paste the text below into the editor window.

function onFormSubmit(e) {
	//If you run this script from the script editor it will throw an error as the code is not being passed values from an active form
	//To test this script you should have a Contact form prepared with the fields Name, Email, Website and Comment
    //You can then submit the Contact form after populating the fields
	//To run logged tests uncomment the code below that starts with "Logger.log", or simply submit forms and review the received emails
	//You can view the log by going to View > Stackdriver Loggins > Apps Script Dashboard	
  
//Email Address that will receive the notification
  var emailTarget = "c.kent@dailyplanet.com"
//To send notifications to multiple email addresses uncomment the line below and delete the line above
//var emailTarget = "c.kent@dailyplanet.com, b.wayne@waynecorp.com" 
  
//Capture the form input values as variables
  var frm = FormApp.getActiveForm().getItems();
  var nameGiven = e.response.getResponseForItem(frm[0]).getResponse();
  var emailAddress = e.response.getResponseForItem(frm[1]).getResponse();
  var websiteUrl = e.response.getResponseForItem(frm[2]).getResponse();
  var commentGiven = e.response.getResponseForItem(frm[3]).getResponse();
  
//Create the variable htmlPage that will store a basic HTML page including the style specifications for a simple HTML table
  var htmlPage = `
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style> table {
  font-family: arial, sans-serif;
  border: 1px solid black;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  width: 100%;
}
table td {
  border: 1px solid black;
  padding: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
`

//Add a HTML Table inside the htmlPage variable that will display the captured form values via email
  htmlPage += '<div><table>' 
  +'<tr><td>Name</td><td>' + nameGiven + '</td></tr>' 
  +'<tr><td>Email</td><td>' + emailAddress + '</td></tr>' 
  +'<tr><td>Website</td><td>' + websiteUrl + '</td></tr>' 
  +'<tr><td>Comment</td><td>' + commentGiven + '</td></tr>' 
  + '</table></div></body></html>'

  //Logger.log("Name: " + nameGiven + "Email Address: " + emailAddress + "Website: " + websiteUrl + "Comment: " + commentGiven);
  
//Send the notification email via the Gmail account to any email address provided as the first option    
   GmailApp.sendEmail(emailTarget, 'New Contact Form Submitted', '', {htmlBody: htmlPage});
}

That is all the JavaScript code needed to capture the form variable values and send them wrapped in a simple html table via email.

By default the code is set to send emails to “c.kent@dailyplanet.com” solely.

You will need to update this email address (keep the quotes!) to the email address you want to receive form emails or else you will really annoy Superman.

Similarly you can change “c.kent@dailyplanet.com, b.wayne@waynecorp.com” if you want multiple email address to receive form emails. Just put a comma between email addresses with either end of the string of email addresses wrapped in quotes.

All of the code is now in place but a trigger needs to be set up to run the JavaScript code.

Go to Edit and click on “Current Project’s triggers”.

Add a new Trigger.

For “Choose which function to run” choose “OnFormSubmit”.

For “Select event source” choose “from Form”.

For “Select event type” choose “On Form Submit”.

For “Failure notification settings” choose whatever frequency suits your use case.

Now when the form is submitted it will call the OnFormSubmit function which will run the JavaScript code you entered.

Now that you know how to set up a contact form and can see how the variable values are captured in the JavaScript code you probably now have a good understanding of how to edit both the form and code to fit your specific needs.

Keep in mind the form variable values are captured in order of appearance in the form.

Adding the Contact Form to the WordPress site

This next part covers specific instructions for adding the form to a WordPress site but if you have any web development experience you will see how easy this process is to incorporate into any website HTML page.

On the Google form editing page click the Send button.

For the send via options choose the third option, embedded HTML, symbolised as angled brackets < >.

Copy the code that appears below the send via options.

(If you just needed the form for a website then take that code and embed it into your website page and you are done. If you need the form for a WordPress site keep reading.)

Log into your WordPress site.

Under My Site go to Pages and then select the page you want to use the form in or create a new page.

In the body section of the page click on the plus (+) block to add a new block.

Search for HTML and choose Custom HTML.

Paste the code from the Google Form into the block.

You are done.

Conclusion

Now when you publish the page you will have a new contact form that will email new form submissions to email addresses of your choosing and it didn’t cost you a dime.

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An Icon of a keyboard

How to use an Android device as a keyboard and trackpad for a Raspberry Pi

Anyone who has set up a Raspberry Pi Zero W will know it is a bit limited by IO, such is the trade off for such a small form factor. I recently went through a set up that was especially awkward as there was no WiFi available. I tried to use an Android hotspot but unfortunately the Pi could not see the Android device at all. The only option I had was to tether the Pi to the Android via USB. This worked. The Pi had access to the mobile data of the Android device however it seems that the power draw from the Android device meant there was not enough power left to power the wireless USB receiver for the keyboard and mouse combo. So I was left with mutually exclusive options of either access to the internet or the ability to use a keyboard and mouse. Luckily there is always a plan C.

Prerequisites:

You will need a mouse that can connect to the Pi either by USB or Bluetooth. The OS used was Raspbian but this solution should work with other Distros.

Solution:

The Raspberry Pi Zero W also comes with Bluetooth built in so there was the option to make the Pi discoverable and connect a Bluetooth keyboard and mouse. I do not have a physical Bluetooth keyboard or mouse but thankfully there is an App for that, multiple ones actually.

The App I used was the “Serverless Bluetooth Keyboard & Mouse for PC/Phone” from Google Play, available here.

It is free (with ads) and very easy to set up. In terms of performance it provided me with a usable keyboard (like Gboard) with half of the device screen acting as a very responsive track pad. I certainly would not want to compose a thesis with this setup but for typing a few words and clicking a few links it is perfectly serviceable.

I experienced what maybe a slight bug during set up however but I resolved the problem in a minute or two.

Problem and Fix:

Firstly you will need to make the Pi discoverable via Bluetooth. This is the only time I needed to make use of a physical mouse. The option to turn on Bluetooth and make the device discoverable is to the top right of the Raspbian Home screen.

When I tried to connect the Android and Pi together through the App it would not work. The Pi was not discoverable by the App despite the functionality to discover devices being built in to the App.

To connect the devices I first had to connect the Android device and Pi together via their respective operating systems. This threw an error on the Pi but the Android device was visible to it. I then removed the Android Bluetooth connection from the Pi and again tried connecting the Pi via the App. This worked.

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Icon of computer with tick on screen

How to verifying your WordPress.com site with Google via HTML tag

Before starting: Note that according to WordPress.com “. . . verifying your site with these services (search engines) is not necessary in order for your site to be indexed by search engines.

Prerequisites:

This guide assumes you already have your WordPress.com site set up and you already have an account with Google Analytics / Google Search Console.

Steps:

Log into your WordPress.com site.

Go to Marketing and change the displayed options to “Traffic”.

Under “Marketing and Integrations” scroll down to “Site verification services”.

There you will see an option to provide a HTML google-site-verification code.

To retrieve this code you need to login to the sites associated Google Search Console account.

Login to Google Search Console and under the heading “Google Search Console” you will either see a drop down option to “Add Property” i.e. as in a site you own or the name of your site, or sites, that you previously registered.

If you have not registered your domain before then submit the site address now under the domains option. If you have submitted your site before click on your site name.

On the “Ownership verification” page you will see “Additional verification methods” at the bottom of the page.

Expand the HTML Tag option to reveal the HTML google-site-verification code.

Copy this code and return to the WordPress.com “Marketing and Integrations” page.

Paste the code into the HTML google-site-verification code section.

Save the settings in WordPress.com.

Return to the Google Search Console “Ownership verification” page and verify.

Your WordPress.com site has now been verified with Google.

An Icon of map

How to add your WordPress.com sitemap to Google Search Console

Prerequisites:

This guide assumes you already have your WordPress.com site set up and your site is verified with Google Analytics / Google Search Console.

Steps:

By default WordPress.com prepares a sitemap for you.

To see it simply copy and paste the mock url below (Option 1) into your browser search bar and edit it to reference your site. If you own a custom domain omit the reference to WordPress as demonstrated in (Option 2).

(Option 1)

yoursite.wordpress.com/sitemap.xml

(Option 2)

yoursite.com/sitemap.xml

Once you have verified the sitemap url is correct add this sitemap to Google Search Console.

Do this by logging into Google Search Console and clicking on Sitemaps on the left hand side of the main window.

In the sitemaps window there will be the option to paste the copied url under “Add a new sitemap” and Submit it.

Once the url is submitted your sitemap will be saved under “Submitted sitemaps”.

An icon of a jetpack

How to fix Jetpack for WordPress.com not pushing posts to Facebook or Twitter

If you have set up the connections for Facebook, Twitter, etc. through Jetpack but your posts are not being pushed to those platforms try the following.

Make sure you have given permission to editors and authors of your site to use the established Jetpack connections. To do that go back to the Jetpack connection settings.

In the “Publicize posts” section click the drop down arrow to the far right.

Click the check box allowing the social media platform to be used by more than just the administrators. (Obviously this will allow your authors to publish to the specified social media platform so only do this if you trust your authors having this access.)

Once this is done your next published post should also be pushed across your connected social media platforms.

NOTE:

If the post was already published “Updating” the post will not share the post across the social media platforms. You will need to save the post as a “Draft” and “Publish” it again. This should then push the post to the social media platforms.

How to fix “your model is not manifold” error in Cura

You just pulled a file from Thingiverse and now when you try to slice it in Cura it says “your model is not manifold”.  If you just want to make the error go away you can skip to the paragraph “The Fix”  if you don’t want to be “filled in” on why it’s happening in the first place. Little bit of 3D printing humour there for ya.

So what does the error mean?

For a model to be manifold you can think of it as having logically enclosed space in a manner that can exist in real life with an outer geometry that can actually be 3D printed.

So what does non-manifold mean?

There’s a couple of reasons why a model is not manifold and here they are:

  • Self-intersecting
  • Separate Object
  • Hole
  • Inner Faces
  • Overlapping Geometry

Self-intersecting: This is a bit of a weird analogy but imagine punching through yourself. You can’t do that in real life without making a big hole but in a virtual model of yourself you can have the objects of your fist and forearm pass through another body part of your choosing and that’s perfectly fine but in real life you can’t have two objects with mass occupy the same space at the same time so this cannot be printed.

Separate Object: Imagine a model of a figurine wearing sun glasses. If the sun glasses and the figurine were two separate objects and you shrank the figurine by rescaling it to 90% its original size the sun glasses might be left floating in midair. That’s fine for a virtual 3D model but in real life gravity might have something to say about that.

Hole: Pretty self explanatory, there’s a hole in the model and not like a window just a void that makes the model impossible to print successfully.

Inner Faces: Imagine trying to print a model within a model. The slicer reads the code and gets confused because there should only be one outer surface area not two.

Overlapping Geometry: Imagine you have created a 3D model of a house and you’ve accidentally copied the roof and then pasted it back on top of the model over the original roof. The model now has two roofs occupying the same space which cannot be printed.

 

The Fix:

Ideally you should open the file with some 3D modelling software and fix it manually but if you’re just pulling files from Thingiverse that’s a bit unrealistic. Luckily the following site allows you to upload files and it will try to fix them automatically.

https://3d-print.jomatik.de/en/index.php

If the process successfully fixes the file it will give you the option to download the file with a brief summary of what changes it made highlighting big changes in red.

Its a great solution especially for low risk models but the onus will always be on you to manually inspect the model to see if the problems have in fact been resolved. Also if you’re working on a super secret product design for a company probably best not to upload the model to be fixed online, but for files you’ve pulled from Thingiverse sure why not they’re already publicly available anyway.

The New Fix:

The website above no longer provides the functionality to automatically make objects manifold unfortunately.

As an alternative solution, download and Install Slic3r.

Start Slic3r, go to file and then “Repair STL file . . .” and load in the file you want to fix.

You will then be able to open the file with Cura and hopefully it should be fixed (note: the solution is a bit hit and miss).

Alternatively download Meshmixer, open the problem file, go to edit and then make solid. This is not a guaranteed fix either but may fix some minor gaps and errors.

How to use a generic PC controller with GTA 5

So you plugged in the cheap PC controller you bought off eBay or Amazon (say one that is coincidentally shaped like an Xbox controller) and found it doesn’t work with GTA 5?

This is probably because the controller is using the DirectInput standard as opposed to the newer XInput standard. You can read more about these standards from Microsoft by clinking on this link.

GTA 5 (or GTA V if you’re feeling fancy) was not optimised to use the DirectInput standard unfortunately. However if you’re playing the game on PC you should be using a keyboard and mouse like a grown-up anyway, it’s way better for shooters. Ah but GTA isn’t all about the shooting I hear you say and you’re right. I’ll admit I switch to a controller for flying vehciles because they are horrible to pilot with direction keys. Analogue sticks are much better suited to aircraft.

So the workaround for being able to use the cheap generic controller is quite simple but requires using an “Xbox 360 Controller Emulator”.

Download the file x360ce_x64 from the following site by clicking on the “download for 64 bit games” button at the top of the screen.

https://www.x360ce.com/

(Be sure to test the downloaded file with whatever antivirus software you have installed)

Once you are satisfied the software is safe extract the file to the root directory of where you installed GTA 5.

(If you do not know where that folder is try searching GTAV in your Windows search bar. Note a folder called GTA V is often created in the Documents folder but this is not the correct directory.  The correct directory will have application files with the GTAV logo in it. The game maybe in a Rockstar folder or perhaps a Steam or Epic folder, it all depends on who you bought it from.)

Right click on x360ce_x64 and run the file as administrator and you should be given an option button to “Create”.

Click this button and a Xbox controller calibration window will open.

At this point if your controller has a large circular button at its center press it and make sure it lights up otherwise it may not send the right signals when the controller is being mapped.

Click “Auto” and then “Save”.

I found the A, B, X and Y face buttons were not mapped correctly and needed to be mapped manually.

To do this, beside each face button on the emulator interface there is a drop down menu. Click on it for each button and choose the option to record. The interface will highlight which button to press on your controller to map it correctly. Once the buttons are mapped correctly click “Save” again.

After following these steps you should now be able to play GTA V with the controller.